

Investment Letters for the Value Contrarian Fund
Full Disclosure
Over the coming years we want to advise investors that the Value Contrarian Fund may be more volatile than has been the case in the past. Here is our reasoning:
1) When your Fund is fully invested, we are subject to the full volatility of the financial markets. As we don’t short stocks, cash is often the simplest, risk-free instrument to blunt stock market volatility.
2) Berkshire Hathaway, Warren Buffett’s investment vehicle, represents approximately 28% of your fund’s assets. We view this as a strong investment in all market conditions. Nonetheless, there will be years (like 2019 & 2020) where Berkshire underperforms the market and will impede your Fund’s returns.
3) In general, a rising Canadian dollar and a weakening US dollar will negatively affect your Funds results, due to our significant U.S. holdings. Presently, the Canadian dollar is approximately 72.5¢. However, if over the coming years it rose to 75¢/85¢, this would add a stiff headwind to your fund’s net results.
Predicting currency moves is about as easy as predicting the weather this time next year. Good Luck!
Benjamin Horwood
2025 First Quarter
Value Contrarian Equity Fund
Dear Partners,
Thinking today that this is the end of globalization, frankly, is a joke.
Carlos Ghosn
Former Head - Nissan Renault
Wall Street Journal
April 26, 2025
I think the time has arrived where Greg (Abel) should become the chief executive officer of the company at yearend. I would still hang around… but the final word would be what Greg said, in operations, in capital deployment, whatever it might be.
Warren Buffet
CEO - Berkshire Hathaway
Berkshire Annual Meeting
May 3, 2025
“Tariffs are a tax on goods … you know the tooth fairy doesn’t pay them…”
Warren Buffet
CEO - Berkshire Hathaway
Berkshire Annual Meeting
May 3, 2025
Destroying Iran's nuclear capability involves risks, and Mr. Trump wants to avoid war. But if he believes Iran can be trusted to execute a new pact, he hasn't done his homework.
Karen Elliot House
Former Publisher - Wall Street Journal
May 2025
First Quarter Performance:
“Here’s the interesting thing about the stock market: it cannot be indicted, arrested or deported; it cannot be intimidated, threatened or bullied…”
JP Morgan - Michael Cembalest
Wall Street Journal
March 27, 2025
If you get frightened by markets that decline and get excited when stock markets go up… People have emotions, but you’ve got to check them at the door when you invest.
Warren Buffet
CEO - Berkshire Hathaway
Berkshire Annual Meeting
May 3, 2025
What has happened in the last 30, 45, 100 days is really nothing. This is not a huge (stock market) move… this has not been a dramatic bear market or anything of the sort.
Warren Buffet
CEO - Berkshire Hathaway
Berkshire Annual Meeting
May 3, 2025
“I’m not going to sit at home and watch soap operas… My interests are still the same.”
(The Greg Abel era at Berkshire starts on January 1, 2026 – Buffet plans to keep coming to the office).
Karen Langley - Interview Warren Buffet
Wall Street Journal
May 15, 2025
There’s a strong relationship between starting valuations and subsequent annualized ten-year returns. Higher starting valuations consistently lead to lower returns, and vice versa… Today’s P/E ratio is clearly well into the top decibel… It shouldn’t come as a surprise that the return on an investment is significantly a function of the price paid for it.
Howard Marks
Oaktree Capital Management
January 2, 2025
Your Fund ended the first quarter with a net asset value of $4,494.32 per unit, an increase of $132.53 from the December 31st, 2024 net asset value of $4,361.79 per unit [after distributions]. Year-to-date, March 31st, your fund returned: 3.04%.
While there is rarely a single cause behind a market correction, the April selloff can largely be traced to renewed growth fears – spurred in large part by Trump’s tariff threats and policy uncertainty.
Hawkish Fed comments and cracks in the AI narrative, fueled by the emergence of Chinese AI low-cost competition, have further contributed to a stock selloff and P/E multiple compression in tech stocks.
After notching a record high on February 19th, the S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, and the Russell 2000 all fell briefly into correction territory. Most of the damage came from the last two years’ highflyers: shares of the so-called “Magnificent Seven”. Nvidia, the AI poster child, had its P/E multiple drop from 53x trailing earning (mid-April) to 35x. Today, the S&P 500 remains well above the bear lows of 3,577 reached in 2022, and the March 2020 Covid low of 2,237. Long term equity returns are firmly in positive territory.
The TSX has been bucking the North American trend, and is at record highs as of May. Gold, oil, banks, and lack of tech highflyers has enabled the TSX to outperform its sexier tech dominated southern neighbor. For Trump … Canada has become the pesky “honey badger” of North America. Never underestimate the scrappy and fearless honey badger.
During the quarter we continued to reduce our position in Berkshire Hathaway. From a peak of 31,000 Class B shares, your Fund now owns 20,000 shares. Despite the trimming, the position still represents approximately 28% of your Fund assets. However, with Buffet’s announcement at the company’s annual meeting that he would be stepping down as CEO on January 1, 2026, the shares sold off 5%. Nonetheless, Buffet will continue to “hang around” in the Chairman’s role.
At the end of the day, the performance of Berkshire stock will depend on its ability to continue improving its earnings within its existing roster of businesses, and its ability to “wisely” allocate capital with its copious free cash flow, and $350 billion cash hoard.
If I was a betting man, the company’s new CEO, Canadian Greg Abel, will become Berkshire’s “Tim Cook” (the highly successful successor to Steve Jobs at Apple). Moreover, Buffet openly admitted that he has perhaps been lax managing Berkshire’s roster of companies. But Greg Abel is a superb business manager, and will likely coax (generate) greater profitability from Berkshire’s existing deck of cards.
Greg has also demonstrated the ability to make value-creating acquisitions for Berkshire. For example, over the years, he has used his “contrarian” investing skills to acquire undervalued & unloved assets in the energy sector.
What would worry us? If Berkshire’s head insurance genius/guru, Ajit Jain, was no longer in the picture. That would cause us serious concern. Publicly, we have never heard any mention of who would succeed Jain – in a God forbid situation.
On a more positive note, TD bank shares, our largest Canadian holding, has come roaring back to life after spending 2 plus years in the penalty box. They are now at 52-week highs.
As we predicted, out of TD’s U.S. money laundering debacle, positive and constructive changes would result. In hindsight, it would have been nice to have sold half our TD position and then bought it back when the TD news was dripping with negativity. That course of action would have crystallized a huge capital gain, and a lot of investor blowback.
The following are a few of the recent initiatives and catalysts that we feel will have the potential to once again position TD as a superior long-term Canadian investment.
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Raymond Chun – new CEO Leadership
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Improved capital allocation
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More focus on profitable business lines in both the U.S. and Canada
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Money laundering collateral effect – future TD growth handcuffed by U.S. regulator. Thus regulatory roadblocks to making more overpriced, low-return U.S. acquisitions. Actually a positive in our opinion.
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Massive TD share buybacks - $8 billion earmarked for buybacks as a result of Schwab sale.
So far, the market likes what it sees, as TD shares have rallied from $74.00 to $94.00 dollars. The question we ask, when will the markets rotate out of growth stocks (Magnificent 7 stocks being the poster child), and into “value” stocks? In our opinion, this rotation will have to wait for the bottom of the next bear market. It is our hunch that small cap stocks will eventually become irresistible bargains, and thus lead the way to outperformance at the start of the next business cycle.
In conclusion, it appears that until the next bear market is in full swing (at least in the U.S. markets), it will be more of the same old, same old tech leaders. Simply stated, a handful of tech titans currently enjoy massive “moats” through technological advantages, dominant market share and above average profit margins. Most don’t require heavy capital investment (like auto or steel) and thus produce above average ROEs.
Nonetheless, history has often demonstrated that there is no guarantee of future greatness where new technologies can emerge, new competitors can “leapfrog incumbents”, or antitrust regulators move in for a breakup. Moreover, over the long term, “price paid” still determines investment returns, no matter how great a company’s business model, or its supposed fabulous growth potential.
How many leading “growth” names of 1969 (the Nifty Fifty growth stock era) are today missing from the S&P500? Relics of that bygone era include: Kodak, Polaroid, Avon, Digital Equipment etc… Size is no guarantee of longevity.
Outlook 2025
Great (stock market) deals are very unlikely to happen tomorrow, but not unlikely sometimes in the next five years.
Warren Buffett
CEO - Berkshire Hathaway
Annual Meeting - May 2025
We are operating at a fiscal deficit now that is unsustainable over a very long period of time. We don’t know whether that means two years or 20 years… but this is something that can’t go on forever.
Warren Buffett
CEO - Berkshire Hathaway
Annual Meeting - May 2025
“I predict a robust debate in this administration between an audacious diplomatic play and an audacious military play” … without personalizing it… I would say the senior leadership of Israel, both political and military as well as intelligence, will be sorely tempted to take advantage of this moment” (against Iran).
Interview - Jake Sullivan
Former Biden National Security Advisor
Financial Times London
February 1, 2025
Israel is a strong country but it’s not a superpower. It cannot act against the whole world (especially against its main benefactor – the US).
Shmuel Rosner
Senior Fellow - Policy Institute of Jerusalem
Wall Street Journal
May 21, 2025
For the remainder of 2025, we see two potential scenarios. One more positive, and one more negative.
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Trump has learned his lesson form the early April brutal selloff in the stock and bond markets. Going forward, he decides to take a more measured and reasoned approach regarding tariffs and trade. A “lighter” touch, if that’s possible, would be a positive.
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The Trump administration (despite continual backpedaling) nonetheless implements harmful tariffs and policies that both confuse and assault the economy into a recession (with potentially higher inflation). Add in a potential nuclear showdown with Iran (positive for Canadian oil) and one has the catalyst for new lows in the stock market –and even a bear market.
“To enrich” or “not to enrich” – that’s a key negotiating point with respect to Iran’s nuclear program. If this turns out to be a negotiating red line for America (zero enrichment permitted) then we are likely headed for a military campaign in 2025 to degrade Iran’s nuclear program. Unless of course, Trump backs down should a “deal” be concluded.
One must understand a favorite Trump negotiating tactic: he comes in guns blazing, with maximum demands. However, he then backpedals. Without Trump’s approval, we highly doubt Israel will attack Iran alone and risk alienating its principle military benefactor. But, in the end, anything is possible.
When it comes to military adventurism, Trump has so far shown he is very cautious. There may be lots of “bark”, but Trump has been very wary in utilizing the U.S. military “bite”.
Regarding the war in Gaza? The dilemma for Israel is having to simultaneously deal with both a “death cult”, and its hostages still in captivity.
The consensus seems to be that it will be hard for Israel to translate its existing tactical/battlefield wins into a “strategic win.” Hence, U.S. General Petraeus’ Iraqi “surge strategy” is now ready to be adopted to the Gaza war front by Israel.
General Petraeus’ winning counter-terror military strategy against the various pan-Islamist terror organizations in Iraq had 3 basic components: Clear / Hold / Rebuild. Up until now, Israel implemented the “Clear” aspect of General Petraeus’ strategy, but failed to move onto steps two & three. Israel now realises it can’t neutralize Hamas with a simple “Clear”, “Cut n Run” strategy.
Going forward, unless a permanent ceasefire is achieved, Israel will have to “hold” the areas it “cleared”, in order to ensure that Hamas does not return. A task, obviously much more complicated, time/labour-consuming, and expensive.
Based on the American success in Mosul Iraq, this strategy of Clear / Hold / Rebuild, is likely the only way to successfully remove Hamas control over the local population and in turn remove its hold on the strip and its people (this “No Hamas in power” goal, it should be noted, is in alignment with most Western powers). However, this time/labor consuming strategy is already testing broad Israeli public support for a prolonged war in Gaza.
At the end of the day, Israel is facing a “no strategic win” situation in Gaza, and two less than perfect options:
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Take the military win (but no strategic win) and agree to a ceasefire, hostage return, and exit from Gaza deal. But this just “kicks the can” down the road in dealing with the remnants of Hamas, a population not yet deradicalized and a dubious provisional governing body that’s parachuted into Gaza, with no popular mandate. Or;
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Implementing the strategy of General Petraeus – Clear, Hold, & Rebuild. The problem with this strategy? It will work only if you have the time, money, and manpower on your side. But it seems that an increasing majority of Israelis want the war to end and their hostages and boys brought home. The U.S. may be a “might mouse”, but Israel is only a “mini-mouse”.
Whatever the option that eventually plays out, Israel holds a final bargaining chip. Meaning they have the power to frustrate and impede any future reconstruction of Gaza. No gulf state will participate in providing the capital to build gleaming new neighbourhoods if there is no political stability in Gaza and Hamas’ political control has not been effectively neutered.
Most interesting, despite all the loud pro-Hamas “street” noises… the list keeps growing of Hamas being banned from the various Arab Gulf states & now Jordan… (Turkey & Qatar being the few exceptions).
And lucky Mr. Trump, who recently has been offered a Qatari 747 as a “gift”. Ahh those wily Qataris… they wrote the 2025 Trump-modified version of; “How to Win Friends & Influence Presidents!”
Regardless of any scenario that eventually plays out, it’s always opportunistic for the VC Fund to have some dry gunpowder (cash) to take advantage of any steep selloff. We also keep a bottle of that pink liquid gold – Pepto Bismol, beside our trading desk. While it won’t cure stock market volatility, it’s the best antidote for “stomach volatility”
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For the core of the VC Fund portfolio – our mantra remains the same; Buy – Hold – Hold. (With a nice dollop of cash at the ready for any opportunities).
Respectfully yours,
Benjamin D. Horwood
Portfolio Manager
May 25th, 2025
The steep April selloff in global financial markets has clearly illustrated that it is the stock & bond markets that will dictate the ultimate policy and tariff parameters the Trump administration will be willing to undertake.
The financial markets now seem to be the guardrails of “last resort” when it comes to reigning in Trump and some of his more “dubious” economic plans.
What’s so unnerving to many investors is that this particular correction was not triggered by an “exogenous” shock. Rather, an important part of the damage has been largely self-inflicted and policy driven.
The respected bond investor, Howard Marks, recently produced an insightful report on the definition/characteristics of a “bubble” and “bubble history”.
Bubbles usually involve sectors of new innovation. Think air travel, trains, the internet, and now AI and crypto.
A most wise comment Marks makes on bubbles is that “there’s usually a grain of truth that underlies every mania and bubble. The problem is that it just gets taken too far. When something is on the pedestal of popularity, the risk of decline is high.” When there is little history of the potential risks, then there is little to “temper enthusiasm”, or excessive valuations.
Marks clearly understands that when something is new, then competitors and disruptive technologies have yet to arrive in force. Think; Model T – in black only. Before serious competition arrived, it was the king of the road. “The merit may be there, but if it’s overestimated it can be overpriced, only to evaporate when reality sets in.” As the famous saying goes, in the real world, “trees don’t grow to the sky”.
In our opinion, the present stock market cycle, which started in March of 2009, will likely end when the earnings “growth” dominance of the “Magnificent Seven” stocks start to sputter – and significant P/E multiple contraction takes hold.
A good historical example (after 2000) has been the two growth names of Microsoft and Coke. Both these company stock prices stalled out for over ten years post 1999. Both were still high-quality companies, earning gobs of money, with high ROEs, but whose growth prospects were vastly reduced from their past glory years. Eventually, the same fate will befall the Magnificent Seven.
2019 Year-End
Value Contrarian Asset Management
Bank of Commerce Center
1155 boul. René Lévesque West Suite 2500
Montréal, Québec
H3B 2K4, Canada
2016 Value Contrarian Asset Management
Value Contrarian Asset Management
Bank of Commerce Center
1155 boul. René Lévesque West Suite 2500
Montréal, Québec
H9K 1J5, Canada